How do solar panels work?

Solar panels work by converting sunlight into electricity through a process called the photovoltaic effect. This process produces direct current (DC) electricity, which then needs to be converted to alternating current (AC) electricity for your home to use.

What are solar panel cells?

Solar panel cells are referred to as photovoltaic cells. “Photovoltaic” simply means that they convert sunlight into electricity. Many of these small cells link together to form a solar panel. These tiny cells are the key to how solar energy works.

How much energy does a solar panel produce a day?

Here are some examples of individual solar panels: A 300-watt solar panel will produce anywhere from 0.90 to 1.35 kWh per day (at 4-6 peak sun hours locations). A 400-watt solar panel will produce anywhere from 1.20 to 1.80 kWh per day (at 4-6 peak sun hours locations).

How do solar panels generate usable electricity?

Solar arrays create a usable electricity system for your home by producing direct current (DC) electricity. This is achieved through the photovoltaic effect, where solar cells convert sunlight into electrical energy.

What wattage does a solar panel use?

Solar panels are rated by their peak DC power under ideal test conditions. Homeowners use AC electricity, so inverters convert DC to AC with a small efficiency loss (around 3–5%). Over the past decade, panel wattage has climbed steadily. Here’s a snapshot of what’s common now: 250–300 W: Older or budget-friendly modules.

What is solar energy?

Solar energy is electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun through nuclear fusion reactions occurring in its core.